The Catcher in the Rye A Bridge from Essay Example For Students

The Catcher in the Rye: A Bridge from Essay Innocence to AdulthoodAdolescence is a time of existence in two worlds. One world having the desire to be in the adult world,which is filled with all the unknown wonders of the world. The other world is the world of childhood which iscomfortable and protected from all the impurities in theworld. This sort of tug of war between the two worlds isnot only mentally imposed on a being, but physically,socially, and morally as well. With all the mentionedabove, often times an adult will discourage an action ofan adolescent by saying they are too old to a act acertain way, and then will turn around and say they aretoo young to do something, like go out late or go ondates. These contradictions can lead an adolescent tocomplete uncertainty of their actions. J.B. Salingersbook, The Catcher in the Rye, aptly describes the immenseconfusion of the in between stages of being a boy and aman. We will write a custom essay on The Catcher in the Rye: A Bridge from specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Throughout the whole story, the narrator, Holdentries to act both the boy and thw man but cannot. Hetries in vain to get a grip on the adult world, but neveris quite successful. Holdens first attempt at adulthoodis exemplified when he leaves his school withoutpermission from his parents or the school. This act initself sets the stage for his trial and error attitudeabout adulthood in the sense he failed out of school,which was a childish act. He tries to rectify his failingout of school by leaving, which he views as an adult act. Holdens leaving school represents his need forindependence and he achieves this by leaving. Another of Holdens failed attempts at adulthood iswhen he goes down to he hotels club where he orders analcoholic drink, but he is refused because the waiter willnot serve him because he is underage. Holden tries togive the illusion that he is older because when he ordersthe drink, he Orders it fast as possible, because if youhem and haw they think you are under 21 an d wont sell youintoxicating liquor. This is the classic example ofadolescence when one attempts to act older than his or herage when attempting to obtain alcohol. Up until the ageof 21, all young adults want to give the illusion they areolder than they are in hopes of obtaining special adultprivileges, such as drinking alcohol, smoking, etc. However Holdens failed attempts forces him to realizethat his act is fooling no one other than himself. Suchan example can be seen when one goes to college bars andcan see all the adults that are hanging out there. Thepeople who are there are not fooling anyone as well. Sex is often the most complicated adult subjects,even for adults to understand themselves. The act of sexitself can be talked about immensely, as done in lockerrooms or with friends, almost to the point where one couldbelieve in the tales. However the act itself cannot befaked and innocence of such things are quite apparent whenthe situations do arise. The saying one can talk thetalk, but cannot walk the walk describes this sort ofsituation perfectly. Holdens first experience with awoman who he has heard about from a friend, emphasizes hisinexperience. He called this woman because he heard fromhis friend that she Was not a whore, but she did not minddoing it once in a while. He tries to cover up hisinnocence by faking a deep voice and pretending that hewas from Princeton. However she sees through his facade,and lets him down. Another attempt into the adult world,or what Holden considers to be the adult world, has beenthwarted. His failure is due in part to the fact thatHolden does no t really know the rules, which he isguessing at, and also in part because his loneliness isnot a substitute for experience. Although this act is notchildlike alone, but rather it is a stepping stone intothe adult world of sex, where an individual will try newtechniques, such as pickup lines and such, to obtain andreach his or her goal. Thus Holden has learned hisfirst valuable lesson of what not to do in the future. .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 , .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 .postImageUrl , .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 , .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743:hover , .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743:visited , .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743:active { border:0!important; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743:active , .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743 .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u017f8f884b94b732215b60d746e40743:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Challenges in Highway Road Construction in Nigeria EssayHowever Holden is over his head when he agrees tohave a prostitute, who is propositioned to him by thebellhop. He is apparently nervous and he confesses thathe is a virgin. His reasoning for having the prostituteis that it is Good to get some practice just in case Iget married. He also tells of how in the past he hadalmost gone all the way, but at the last moment herecoiled. This indicates how immature he is and how he isnot ready for a sexual relationship, primarily because heis doing it for the sake of doing it and not for love, andalso the fact he shys away from sex is a definiteindication he is not ready for it. O nce the prostitutecome over, he again shys away and tells her to leave. Once again, with these examples in mind, Holden emphasizeshow he is not ready for the grown up world of sex, despitewhat his body is telling him. The girls that Holden refers to quite a bit are Sallyand Jane, who together represent what he desires in arelationship . Jane, although she was a girlfriend fromwhen he was younger, represents the caring andunderstanding part in a relationship, the mature part, inthe sense that Holden in genuinely concerned for hernature. Sally, a girl friend who is considered an adultrelationship, represents what he wants in an adultrelationship, such as sex and marriage. Holden tries toseduce Sally and they make out in the cab. Again he putsthe cart before the horse, and asks her to marry him, eventhough he Did not like her that much. He wants theadult relationship of being married, but has the childlikeidea of not doing it for the sake of love, because he didnot love her, although he told her he did. FortunatelySally said she would rather wait, not getting swept up bythe excitement of Holdens immaturity. After Holden asksher to marry him, he realizes how stupid his actions were,and that he did not love her, which indicates that Holdenis learning something from his mistakes, and in turnbecoming mature. As seen through Holdens failing at becoming aninstant adult, it is quite apparent that he is not donebeing a child. It is exemplified when he tries to actlike an adult, but acting is all he is doing. Behindevery one of his adult actions, there is a childish oneto follow suit, and it is clear that his mature act isfooling no one, i.e., the bartender, the girl he called,the prostitute. Yet like a glutton for punishment, hestarts over again only to end up disappointed. However the only time it seems that Holden iscomfortable and secure is when he refers to a childlikestate or when he talks about children, in particular hissister Phoebe. Phoebe, who is ten, is the only person whohe thinks that truly understands him. Yet when he tellsher that he failed out of school, she does not does notshow any compassion, but rather show him anger and sheputs the pillow over her head and refuses to listen tohim. This is important because it emphasizes how Holdensadolescent age can no longer rely on the advice andunderstanding of a child, yet he cannot rely on adultsadvice, although he pretends to be one. The importance of childhood in Holdens life is seenagain when he starts talking to a little girl at the park,who he also helps put on her ice skates. He shows no fearor false nature when he is with her, and he shows his easewith her when he states that he Loves it when kids arenice and polite when you tighten their skates for them orsomething. Most kids are. They really are. Unlike whenhe is with women or in bars, Holden is uninhibited withchildren and does not put on false faces with them. Thefact he finds them genuinely polite shows how he feels howhe can put his full trust with them, and explains why hereturns to children or a childlike state, because they arereal, whereas adults are about putting on aires. The idea that children are real beings is seenagain when Phoebe asks Holden what he wants to do with hislife, and he replies he would want to be a catcher in therye, where he would catch all children who got too closeto the cliffs edge. He wants to be a catcher of childrenbecause they love more easily than adults do, and they donot play games when giving love, as adults do. .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 , .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 .postImageUrl , .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 , .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103:hover , .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103:visited , .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103:active { border:0!important; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103:active , .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103 .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9d885bc3697fa49884684dd53f356103:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Why we dropped the Atomic Bomb EssayHoldens most obvious example his regression tochildhood is seen when he returns back to his home. Whenhe left school and decided to stay at hotels, opposed toreturning to home, and he did so with the intent ofshowing himself, as well as his parents, how he couldrebel against the forces that tie him to childhood. Staying away from home was his big test of not onlyhimself, but to the world. Yet despite his brave bravefacade, the real reason he does not return home is becausehe is overcome by guilt and shame over his expulsion fromschool. Proving he cannot handle the adult world, hereturns home. Unbeknownst to Holden, his parents are not ho me whenhe arrives, but they arrive shortly later. As he leaves,he takes no precautions about running into his parents,and by doing this it seems that he almost wants to becaught. This is symbolic because he then comes to termswith his immaturity and the only thing that would pull himback into his comfortable and safe child world is hisparents. When he blatantly smokes in the house and is notcareful when he leaves, he is almost crying out for helpand attention. Before Holden returned to his home, he is at the pondnear Central Park, and he is thinking about dying and israther nonchalant about the fact he might die. WhenHolden visits Mr. Antonlelli, he is again reminded of hisimmaturity and is faced with it when Mr. Antonelli repeatsa poem that seems to describes Holdens whole nature, thatThe immature man is one who wants to die nobly for acause, and the mature man is one who wants to live forone. With this in mind, Holdens immaturity is brought tohis face, and despite his act, he realizes he is still achild. In the end, Holden returns home, and in a sense heis beaten by the system and beaten at his own game. Throughout the story Holden refers to himself asStupid or Crazy after many failed attempts into theadult world. What he fails to realize is that he isniether stupid or crazy, but rather he is naive andinnocent to the workings of the world, and through hisfailures he begins to realize this fact. The only thinghe is guilty of is trying too hard an getting disappointedto easily because of his failures due to his inexperiencein life. What he also does not realize is that there isno imaginary line that says child on one side and adult onthe other. Rather there is a stairway towards adulthood,and unlike the imaginary line which is crossedeffortlessly, the stairway requires some effort and workto achieve towards the top, which in this case isadulthood. Holden attempts to cross the line versus goingup the stairs, and as a result he realized that there isno easy path into adulthood, that it is a trial and errorperiod, where you have to learn from your mistakes and notget hung up on them. Hold ens failures are actually partof the steps toward adulthood, steps that are critical andhelp him understand the adult world and how it reallyworks. Salinger accurately represents the difficult bridgebetween a child and an adult, and emphasizes that anindividual at this age cannot pretend to be an adult norcan they regress back into the security of childhood. Salinger also emphasizes that one must take this ride,despite the twists and turns that come with it because itis critical for survival as an adult. It is emphasizedthat there is no given amount of steps toward adulthoodand it is different for each individual, but that theexperiences encountered, both good and bad, mold theindividual and shape them for the differences to come. Inclosing it is apparent that there is no easy way intoadulthood, but it is accurate to say that the experiencesof the child are the mold for the adult.

10 Ultra Useful Computer Tips and Keyboard Shortcuts

10 Ultra Useful Computer Tips and Keyboard Shortcuts Even if you haven’t spilled coffee on your trackpad, sometimes it can be a huge time-saver to use keyboard shortcuts. Remember those? Gone are the days of ALT + F4. Here are a few updated hacks for the modern world. 1. Set your Gmail accidental â€Å"Undo† functionSet yourself a 5-7 second â€Å"whoopsies† window for sent messages with this handy â€Å"undo† function- for those times when you realize you forgot an attachment or spelled your boss’s name wrong. Or worse- hit â€Å"reply all.† Just follow these instructions.2. Access your address barJust type control + L.3. Restore default size of a webpage after zooming in or out.Press control + 0 (command + 0 on a Mac).4. Squeeze more bookmarks into your browser’s bookmarks tabRight or control + click on each of your bookmarks, select â€Å"Edit,† and delete all text. You’ll be left with just the favicon and will have much more room for other icons.5.  Supercharge your w i-fi signalTurn your computer into your very own Wi-Fi hotspot by downloading Virtual Router. This one is a life safer if you hate getting charged a penalty fee for going over your data limit.6. Create a portable WikipediaUse Wikipedia Nearby to nab articles based on your location. Be in the know! And if you like being a font of knowledge, try changing your home page to Wikipedia Random and learn something new every time you open your browser.7. Pause a video in YoutubeClick â€Å"K.† And to jump forward or back by 10 seconds, use â€Å"J† and â€Å"L,† respectively. You can also use the buttons to speed up or decrease speed of playback on videos.8. Open your PowerPoint directly into Presentation ModeJust right click and select â€Å"Show† rather than â€Å"Open.† You’ll look a whole lot smoother in front of your boss and big clients.9. Drag multiple tabs to a new window(In Chrome) Press control and click on the tabs you want to move, then drag them together out of one window until they spontaneously generate and populate a new one. Poof!10. Scroll side to side(In Chrome) Press shift and scroll.These are just a few ways to save you time you didn’t even realize that you were wasting.

A 3000 Portfolio Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

A 3000 Portfolio Assignment - Essay Example For instance, leagile might involve the use of lean strategies for managing the supply of high volume products that are also in high demand and opting to use agile (make-to-order) for every other thing (Pagell and Shevchenko, 2014, p. 50). The leagile system can also opt to have a flexible production capacity with the purpose of meeting demand surges or unexpected needs/requirements. Alternatively, leagile might involve postponing whereby forecasting is done using â€Å"platform† or essential products, and then the final customer order would determine the final configuration and assembly of products (Selviaridis and Norrman, 2014, p. 160). The case study for which we will use to analyse the leagile system of management is the Toyota Company particularly in the manufacture of its Scion line of cars. The Toyota Motor Corporation is an automobile manufacturer situated in Japan with its headquarters in the city of Toyota, Aichi.As of the last financial quarter of 2014, Toyota was the largest multinational company in the world in terms of revenue. As of 2012, in terms of production, Toyota leads companies such as General Motors and Volkswagen Group having produced its 200 millionth vehicle on the July of that year. The company’s origin dates back to 1937 when Kiichiro Toyoda founded it as a separate part of Toyota Industries owned by his father and its purpose was to manufacture automobiles (Sharma, Bhat and Routroy, 2014, p. 10). The multinational corporation produces its vehicles under five lines or brands. These are the Scion line, the Ran brand, Lexus and Hino brand. This study will focus on the Scion brand of v ehicles in analysing the Leagile system of supply chain management. Toyota produces the Scion brand of vehicles for the North American market, and the production started in 2002 with the first Scion models going on sale in

Internet and Music Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Internet and Music Industry - Essay Example The music industry is not limited to the artists and the record companies. It also includes the composers, the musicians’ representatives, television and radio broadcasting companies, advertising agencies and so much more. It has, for the past 50 years, earned most of its revenues through selling its artists’ albums in the form of long play (LP) record albums, cassette tapes, compact discs (CDs) and digital versatile discs (DVDs). Aside from these albums sold in record stores, revenue also comes from music videos played on television, music played over the radio, and, of course, concerts and tours. The music industry is considered to be one of the top industries as far as value and income are concerned. In the last few years, however, with the rise of the Internet, the music industry has found new ways to earn money. Record companies began to collect orders online and ship their products to any part of the world which has internet access. And even later, they learned to collect money in exchange for downloadable music. This meant that they needed less money to produce and store their products. It also meant faster service for the customers and, therefore, faster influx of cash. The internet became a very good source of income as it has a greater consumer reach, faster response time, and it presented a lot of choices for the consumers. But, as with many happy stories, there is a down side to this new technology. The internet also gave way to both small and large scale piracy. It allowed its users to violate intellectual property rights in a snap, that they do not even realize it until much later. The instant connection between people that the internet provided allowed its users to share files, especially music and other multimedia content. The rise of multimedia tools and social networks, such as YouTube, Facebook, Bebo, Friendster, and MySpace, made copyright infringement easier, faster and even harder to control. 39% of social network users embed copyrighted materials into their pages and 79% of them say that these embedded media reflect their personality. In the early part, consumers did not realize that this was a form of piracy and just enjoyed acquiring "free" music. Then after some time, when record companies started to feel the pain of illegal downloads, they started informing the world of how their properties are being stolen even if unintended. Still, illegal downloads have gone up from 36% in 2006 to 43% in 2007.4 The record companies

Identify and assess ways in which globalisation affects the Essay

Identify and assess ways in which globalisation affects the international business environment - Essay Example As a result, businesses have to change according to change in the environment. This will ensure the businesses are making extensive improvement in serving the clients who need their products. To begin with, globalisation has led to provision of cheap labour in the business environment. In the previous decades, migrating from one place to another place was not an easy task. As such, there was minimal migration of people from one country to another. However, with developing globalisation, migration from one country to another has been made easy (Nederveen, 2009:13). As a result, people are migrating from one country to another with a variety of reasons. One of the ostensible reasons for migration is looking for employment. Many people feel that they have a greater chance, especially when comparing the remuneration when working in abroad countries. For example, there has been a recorded influx of immigrants in the United States. The ostensible reason for such immigrants is employment opportunities (French, 2008:9). This has increased the number of job seekers in the country. As such, the businesses and firms in the country have a variety of potential employees to delegate d uties. This leads to critical decision making, especially when employing workers. Many businesses rely on the immigrants, since they provide cheap labour. This is an approach by many businesses, since they save on costs (Sullivan and Kymlicka, 2007:9). This leads to enhanced profitability, as the businesses optimise the cheap labour. While this is positivity to immigrants, it elicits negative sentiments from the natives of the region. For example, many natives in a country may find it easy to get a well-paying job. This is due to the reliance on cheap labour from the immigrants, which has been instigated by globalisation (DiLuzio, 2008:7). Globalisation has led to optimisation and expansion of businesses across international borders (Bertho, Crawford and Fogarty, 2008:14).

Social Classes Of The 19th Century Sociology Essay

Social Classes Of The 19th Century Sociology Essay What would it be like to live in a world where everyone is put into separate groups based on nothing more than gender, what family you were born into and how much money you make (Victorian England: An Introduction 3-4)? Theories of social class were not fully recognized until the nineteenth century from that point forward the idea of social classes has been discussed by many famous philosophers and theorists (Social Class 1). In England, long before the Victorian Age, Aethelberht set down a code of laws known today as social class (United Kingdom 1). In many parts of the world throughout history social classes have been commonly broken down into three groups, but in the British Empire of 1814 there were as many as eight (Jane Austens World 1-2). Social groups were usually divided by race and stereotypical by gender (Turpin 1). One of the most common means of dividing people into social class is financial income (Scott 2). All social groupings regardless of location and era are based to some degree upon gender, kinship and economic status. The history of social class in England began before England was even a country when Aethelberht reigned over the Anglo-Saxons (United Kingdom 1). He set down a code of laws where the most important bond was kinship; every freeman depended on his kin for protection (United Kingdom 1). Since then philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau further elaborated on the idea by discussing the issues of social inequality and stratification (Social Class 1). These ideas were later passed on to Henri de Saint-Simon, who put forth the argument that a states form of government corresponds to the system of economic production (Social Class 1). Later his successors introduced the theory of the proletariat, or working class, as a major political force, which greatly influenced the development of Karl Marxs theory of class, which has dominated later discussions of the topic (Social Class 1). Social class has been divided into three different groups in many countries and governments throughout history (Victorian England: An Introduction 3). Those three are usually upper, middle and lower or working class (Victorian England: An Introduction 2). The upper class in the Victorian Age were the royalty, lords spiritual and temporal and great officers of state many of whom did not work and received most of their wealth from there inheritance (Victorian England: An Introduction 4 and Jane Austens world 1). Middle class men did most of the white collar work such as business, commerce, and politics they were paid monthly or annually (Victorian England: An Introduction 4). Now, last and unfortunately least, the lower class men and women did the physical labor and were paid daily or weekly wages (Victorian England: An Introduction 3). Men and women were also separated in society (Victorian England: An Introduction 4). The women were assigned the private sphere and the men were assign ed the public sphere of business and commerce (Victorian England: An Introduction 4). A majority of the time there are three social groups but some have found there to be up to eight specific groups in England during the nineteenth century (Jane Austens World 1-2). There were the highest orders which are put into the generic upper class of royalty and the rich, the second class which seems to be a mix between the upper and the middle class in that they are prestigious but not of royal blood (Jane Austens World 1). Also the third class which contained the doctors, clergy and merchants which can be put into the middle class, the fourth class consists of many of the same people as the third class just on a lesser scale (Jane Austens World 1). Fifth class is where the shopkeepers were placed along with the publicans and people with miscellaneous occupations (Jane Austens World 1). The sixth class is where the lower or working class of people are found (Jane Austens World 2). Members of this class included working mechanics, artists, craftsmen and farmers or agricultural l aborers (Jane Austens World). The people that were in the seventh group were either a paupers, vagrants, gypsies and criminals (Jane Austens World 2). The army and the navy had their own social class, which includes officers, soldiers, marines and pensioners (Jane Austens World 2). Economic status also played a big part in the development of the social classes because of the economy the people were grouped by their income (Victorian England: An Introduction 4). The upper class or aristocrats usually had about 30,000 pounds of annual income, which is around 41,000 dollars in America (Victorian England: An Introduction 4). Bankers and merchants made around 10,000 pounds a year while the middle class including doctors made anywhere from 300 to 800 (Victorian England: An Introduction 4). Head teachers, journalists and shopkeepers who were considered to be lower class at this point in time only made 150 to 300 pounds per year (Victorian England: An Introduction 4)! Skilled workers and domestic staff made even less than the teachers with only 40-75 pounds a year and soldiers scraped the bottom of the barrel with a grand total of 25 pounds annually and that rounds out the list (Victorian England: An Introduction 4). From the late eighteenth century, class has been seen as the key to understanding modern society (Scott 1). This idea went virtually unchallenged, despite the fact that people have been arguing what defines it ever since it was introduced, until the last third of the twentieth century (Scott 1). Challenges to the class system have grown even stronger due to the fact that some have argued that social class was made extinct by the postmodern social process (Scott 1). Nevertheless some have interpreted social class to be a powerful and active variable today but a common factor is found in both sides of this argument (Turpin 1 and Scott 1). Both agree that the social class analysis is not thorough enough and that it should be based on more specific things than just money and gender (Scott 1 and Turpin 1). Apparently the social system wasnt perfect then and it isnt perfect now because it is a futile human attempt to categorize people by trivial earthly possessions (Turpin 2). So what would it be like to live in a world where everyone is put into separate groups based on nothing more than gender, what family you were born into and how much money you make (Victorian England: An Introduction 3-4)? Other than the obvious, like technology and entertainment, the same way it was in the Victorian Era, everyone would be separated into groups by things that dont necessarily matter and that wouldnt change until someone questioned it (Victorian England: An Introduction 3-4 and Scott 1).

Austria And Prussia 1815 - 1850 :: essays research papers

How did the relationship between Austria and Prussia develop after 1815 and before 1850?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The relationship between Austria and Prussia developed a lot during the era of economic wealth, revolution and war. Many governments were restored in Europe (after the defeating Napoleon). Legitimate monarchy was set up meaning the hereditary ruling families would be restored to their old thrones. This was agreed partly because it was seen as a more stable and suitable system suited to peace. Also Metternich, the Austrian Chancellor, saw it as a useful way to prevent the Russians and Prussian from gaining extra territory. It was also very difficult for the Russians and Prussians to argue it because it was their own system. The principle was not applied universally and both Austria and Prussia suffered because their heirs were mentally unstable and who in fact were mad. The Tsar put forward a proposal at the Congress that the Great Powers of Russia, Austria and Prussia should agree to act jointly, using force if necessary, to restore any governments which had itself been overthrown by force. This was known as the Protocol of Troppau. This was a very disastrous to the liberals and nationalist everywhere who were trying to set up a better system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The defeat of Napoleon was a great encouragement to nationalism, and the idea of an independent united Germany had an emotional appeal. This was very appealing to many young university students, who often express themselves in romantic, passionate and impractical ways. The Carlsbad Decrees was set up to enforce press censorship, disbanded student societies, and introduce a commission to investigate revolutionary movements The formation of the Zollvein Union was one of the very first real steps that individualize Prussia from the other German states. Prussia increased their economic leadership, especially as she had successfully excluded Austria from the Zolleverin, but although Austria still retained political leadership in Germany. This relationship greatly separated Austria and Prussia. One major problem arose where the relationship of Austria and Prussia should have shared influence in the unified German Confederation or to have only Prussia as the major power speaker for Germany. The parliament was separated by different fractions of members who some wanted a Grossdeutshland (Great Germany) which would include Austria in to the unified Germany and some who wanted a Kleindeutshland (Little Germany) which would exclude Austria and include the whole of Prussia. The Zollverin encourage the growth of railways, improvements in road and thus begin the Industrial Revolution.

Discussion about the Play “A Raisin in the Sun” Essay

If the dreams between people clashed in a way that their desires are going towards different unparallel directions, will it be a significant factor that can suggest that the dream will no longer be achieved? Or will it remain to be a matter of what to do and dependent with the ability to adapt with all the situations – To create a new one or to stay as a victim of the failure that happened? Moreover, it can be the test of whether the dream will be created by a person or the situations like failures will create the dreamers. Either way, it is up to the dreamer which one he will allow to happen. The play A Raisin in the Sun portrayed a family bound with dreams, subjected for possibility and risks of failures and tended to stand up once again to bound themselves again with different dreams and start all over. Situations had become too oppressive that they found themselves sometimes, in the midst of dilemmas that are more likely to be considered as lack of options. Each members of the family has repressed wish that distinguished their character from another. In a way, this is the typical American family with their economical and social structure and reacting normally with the involvement of the other big factor that made the twist of the story – the factor of Money. With the flow of the story, the struggles the family had in dealing with their situations after the death of the father caused them to create the ideal situations in their head of what needs to be done. There remained their intentions to have better life for their family and better life for themselves individually. This later tested their grasp with their family ties. With the individual conception of what is good, what can only go wrong is the inability to be in alignment of what you wanted with what other family members wanted. It can also become a consequent question of whether you hold fast to your dreams or hold on to the bigger picture of what needs to be done as part of the family (Mintz and Kellogg 38). The characters of the play supplied the dreamers role and collectively, a set of contrasting roles carrying ideas and subjects. Set in mid 1800’s, the story was centered in the dreams of the Younger Family and clashes with prejudices that the characters had as they strive to have a better position in their community as a whole. Perspective to be used in the Analysis There are schools of thoughts that are highly applicable with the study of the family being portrayed in this play written by Lorraine Hansberry: first, we can see it in the perspective using functionalism or second, it can be through interactionism. Later, this will be used to reveal how the dreams are being formed and what the motivations that determined the creation of these dreams are. These are the schools that traced the families in America with their way of being developed, managed and designed. The material variable in the family structure can be seen through the role they are playing and be analyzed objectively. Also, we can also see it from the perspective of an interactionist who is primarily concerned with the way the people are acting in response to other people or situations. Yes, these schools have difference with the primary objects of their concern, but essentially they contribute with the thorough understanding with the functions and interactions aspect of a family (Hamilton 47). It can give us the ideas of where the dreams of the characters in the story are actually directed. The Dreamers, their Motivations, and the Clash It all started with Ten Thousand Dollars. The characters of the play provided the audiences with the humanistic range of possible thought process that can be derived from a single source of stimulus. There was an emphasis given earlier with the role of Money in this story for this is the stimulus that moved the characters to make their stand. The money pertains to the $10,000 insurance amount that Lena Younger, the maternal character not just a mother figure, got after her husband passed away. Lena is also called Mama in the story and she possessed the maternal qualities that exhibit a picture of a loving, caring, and understanding woman. Such a woman only has one goal in life – To make her children happy or happier with all of her ability. The material figure that conveyed this goal of Mama is the house that she bought for $3,000. It symbolizes the unity, stability, and economical status that she believes to be important for her family (Morrin and Hansberry 35-38). The picture of the house portrayed the whole dream of Lena. It extends from the social ground of its manifestation to the subtle emotion a mother could possibly feel. This dream clashes with her son’s concerns. Walter, the son, has concerns about the Money that can be categorized as the dream for continuous economic stability of the family. When it comes with the nature of his character, he can be the figure that represents masculine authority of the story. He supplied the protagonist role but with his racial prejudices paired with his conflicts while performing both role of a son and a husband makes him supply his own contrast as an antagonist. Walter became not excited about the house bought by Mama. He has ulterior motives for the money and had a clear image in his mind on what to do with the money. For quite a long time, he has a dream of participating in a business involved in Liquor products (Morrin and Hansberry 47). As a masculine role, the story puts more authority in Walter’s hand as he got the control over the Insurance money and managed it. Lena put his trust on Walter and this shows how Lena is more than willing to give whatever her child wants. Though this doesn’t show any touch of negligence in her part. The acquisition process of the dream in this context doesn’t have any conflict yet. The conflict happened with the aftermath of the decision that placed Walter in the position of higher authority with the Money. The first clash of dream is done with the two given characters and the structure of both dreams must be observed carefully. We can notice the function of money ranges from how it fueled the quest for the dream to the conflict the two characters had. The conflict didn’t last since one of these two dreams was restructured. Lena, whose dream is to provide what her children wanted still managed to achieve it in a way by fueling Walter’s procedure of achieving his dream. There was a conflict because the functions of the house Lena bought don’t go with the alignment of Walter’s dream. It was settled because Lena followed that alignment as a response without violating her desires that is basically structured solely for the happiness of her children. The other child of Lena is Beneatha, the twenty year old woman, who had dream of being a physician. She is considered as intellectual and also an ambitious college student and required Money for the matriculation of the course. The conflicts Beneatha had are related to the money she required for her education and this is directed to Walter who has the control over it. Her sole dream of becoming a doctor will be compromised without the money. She got mad at Walter when she learned that Walter did not put any amount for her study. It seems like a big turnaround from all of her aspirations and she went depressed. This clash is apparently hard for Beneatha since, if money is the fuel for her actions in making her dreams realized, then it is a big contrast to have none of it. Her dream almost vanished. How did she turn out to continue seeing hoe despite of what happened? There is another character named Asagai who became the voice of realization. He made Beneatha realized the key thing about this vision of the dream she formed in her head. The dream had already been in her thoughts even prior to the death of his father, so it means that equating money to her dream is a big nuisance. It would be similar to the terrible equation of his father’s death hand in hand with the money. This showed that there remained to be ways on how it could be fulfilled without that so-called fuel of money. It can be money coming from different source instead. Beneatha realized this important thing, found her hope, continued dreaming. With the structure of their dreams, it is apparent that money equates house, then money equates liquor store and finally, money equated matriculation. With its many form, money remained to be the prime motivation that was shown in the play. The big question would be, along this clash of dreams, for how long can money control or determine the actions of the characters? On the mid part of the play, Walter was betrayed by his business partner leaving him with no money. There came the confrontations with Walter and the other characters especially with his wife, Ruth, who was also driven by dreams of having financial stability. It made them start from the scratch and all realizations that they need were established. Money is just a motivation but never a determinant of the quality of life that a harmonious family could have. Moreover, the dreams are manifestations that we are living while seeking whatever we want out of life. Money is not much important although, yes, it rates reasonably as oxygen. Lorraine Hansberry’s approach in tackling the concept of American dream showed that Money can either be seen as a fuel or an obstacle. The dreams that we have though is a picture of what we can do. At the same time as what we can see in the play is the motivation that money can give us but it doesn’t match the quality of motivation that important people can give. Works Cited Hamilton, Peter. Reconsidering Blummer’s Corrective Against the excess of Functionalism. Talcott Parsons: critical assessments. 4 (1992), 47-49 Mintz, Steven and Kellogg, Susan. Domestic revolutions: a social history of American family life. New York: The Free Press, 1988 Morrin, Maxine and Hansberry, Lorraine. A raisin in the sun. USA: Research and Education Association, 1994.

The strong and the vigorous in Of Mice and Men essays

The strong and the vigorous in Of Mice and Men essays Strength is not only the quality of being strong. Strength is also the power to resist an attack or stress; it is the ability to maintain a moral or intellectual position firmly. All of these meaning can be seen in the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck. In real life there are also exceptional examples of the different strengths. Mahatma Gandhi is a superlative representation of moral strength; he helped obtain Indias independence by leading his people into a pacific revolution while the British were firing at them with guns. Another exemplification is Maria Isabel Urritia, the Colombian weightlifter, who was strong enough to become an Olympic champion. Different types of strength will be of great advantage in certain situations. Strength is shown in the novel in three different kinds such as moral, physical and the idea of the survival of the strongest. Initially strength is displayed through morality. Making decisions requires a great deal of moral strength because it must be done under conscience and thinking about the consequences. This virtue is portrayed by George as he kills Lennie, And George raised the gun and steadied it, and he brought the muzzle of it close to the back of Lennies head. He pulled the trigger. (Steinbeck, 1937, p.106). Another example of moral strength is doing what is right, and taking charge of your own responsibilities. This concept of taking care of ones obligations is expressed by Slim when he speaks to George after Lennie was shot, Never you mind. A guy got to sometimes.... You hadda George. I swear you hadda... (Steinbeck, 1937, p.107). Helping those who are in need is another decent and honourable example of being morally strong. Through out the novel George takes care of Lennie, he expresses his concern for Lennies well being when he says, ... You try to keep away from him will you? ... Just dont have nothing to do with him... (Stei...

Search machines Google and Altavista Essays

Search machines Google and Altavista Essays Search machines Google and Altavista Paper Search machines Google and Altavista Paper It was a complicated task to find interesting article on health issues in popular print media. I tried FPinfomart.ca, an all-encompassing Canadian news and information resource, search machines Google and Altavista. I have choosen TV story which everybody can print out. On Feb. 16 2004 1:53 PM Canatian Television (CTV) published material †Most Canadians not getting enough omega 3s†. CTV correspondents discovered the double problem: Canadians eat less omega-3s because they awared about high mercury contamination level of sea food and high risk for PCB intake with farmed salmon. But, on other hand, â€Å"fish are a rich source of omega 3 fatty acids and many more studies suggest we are simply not getting enough†. This article/reportage inform us that omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids which appear prone to a number of diseases That includes certain forms of cancer, diabetes, arthritis, and other autoimmune disorders like lupus, heart diseases. They are vital for brain and eye development in children. Omega-3 fatty acids are powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatories. Deficiencies of omega 3s are also linked to depression and schizophrenia. The experts of American Heart Association says omega 3s can help decrease arrhytmias (irregular heartbeat), decrease triglyceride levels, and decrease growth rate of plaque in the arteries. More than 50 per cent of Canadians are already deficient in omega 3s even though many say they eat fish. But they eat breaded fish mainly, so they get more trans fats and low omega 3s 10 parts of trans for every one part omega 3s as said by professor Bruce Holub of the University of Guelp. CTV informs customers that they could measure their levels of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) in blood. Mass media source informs us that â€Å"a Canadian company, NutraSource Diagnostics, is commercializing a simple blood test that allows doctors to measure how much of the fish oils a patient may need†. NutraSource president Will Rowe urged that this test is necessary for advising to maintain or increase our intake of these vital nutrients. Dr. Tom Barnard told history about his 9 years old patient who has colitis. Barnard prescribed him fish oil capsules after new tests showed he was seriously deficient in omega 3s. Boy immediately became â€Å"more energetic and more strong†. â€Å"I just had a good feeling when I started taking it, – said young victim of new/old treatment. The same opinion was expressed by his parents. The last part of the article dedicated to the wonderful perspectives of use of the omega 3 blood test. As an expert, director of McGills School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Dr. Peter Jones sayd the test should prove useful for a growing cross-section of the population. He proposed omega 3 fats as an importanty indicatore of heart disease risk and consider it will be more informative than traditional LDL (low density lipids) know as â€Å"bad cholesterol. Well what type of research we can find in this article? I think it has some layers. The base for conslusion was made from epidemiological studies and they was added with some anecdotal researches. I found 103 publications dated from 2003 to 2004 about the role of omega-3 fatty acids in the prevention of heart diseases. For example recent article in the American Family Physician Journal (2004) by Covington M.B. from University of Maryland School of Medicine is dedicated to use of omega-3 fatty acids in the modern medicine. Author wrote that â€Å"omega-3 fatty acids significantly reduce the risk for sudden death caused by cardiac arrhythmias and all-cause mortality in patients with known coronary heart disease. Fatty fish, such as salmon and tuna, and fish oil are rich sources of the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Flaxseed, canola oil, and walnuts also are good dietary sources of omega-3 fatty acids.† But in CTV article authors said that only fish could be good source of ω-3 fatty acids. I developed a comparative table to show the food value of various staff as sources of omega-3 fatty acids You could see that plant based food is a good souce of LNA (alpha-linolenic acid) which is a precursor of DHA and   EPA and has same health effects. The best way to prove results of research is using principles evidence based medicin (EBM). The most common definition of EBM is taken from David Sackett. EBM is the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of the individual patient. It means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research. Evidence, in this context, referred to empirical data from sound clinical research that has demonstrated the actual benefits and harms of medical interventions. It’s mean that clinical decisions would be more reliably informed by the findings of systematic reviews of clinical research than by the often divergent predictions of intervention effectiveness from individual clinicians. Another issue of evidence based medicine is â€Å"patient-centred† decision making. We could speak about â€Å"evidence-based patient choice†. I think that we need special advisory committee or independent expert groups which will supervise the content of health related publications. They could confirm and improve data represented in the popular print media. And every media dealing with health problems should be honest in advertising editorial policy and transparent in their sponsorship. References 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Donatelle R. J., Access to health 8th ed. San Francisco : Benjamin Cummings, 2004. xxv, 651, [76] p. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Covington MB Omega-3 fatty acids. // Am Fam Physician.   2004 Jul 1;70(1):133-40. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hooper L, Griffiths E, Abrahams B, Alexander W, Atkins S, Atkinson G, Bamford R, Chinuck R, Farrington J, Gardner E, Greene P, Gunner C, Hamer C, Helby B, Hetherington S, Howson R, Laidlaw J, Li M, Lynas J, McVicar C, Mead A, Moody B, Paterson K, Neal S, Rigby P, Ross F, Shaw H, Stone D, Taylor F, Van Rensburgh L, Vine R, Whitehead J, Wray L. Dietetic guidelines: diet in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (first update, June 2003).J Hum Nutr Diet.   2004 Aug;17(4):337-49. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Evidence-based Medicine: How to Practise and Teach EBM By Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, Rosenberg W, Haynes RB Second Edition. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh, 2000. 261 p. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Holub, B. Clinical nutrition: 4 Omega 3 fatty acids in cardiovascular care. Canadian Medical Association. Journal. 2002 (166): 608- 616 ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/print/CTVNews/1076697365096_72106565/?hub=CTVNewsAt11subhub=PrintStory nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search burnbraefarms.com/nutrition/omega.pdf mdsdx.com/MDS_Diagnostic_Services/News/MDSNews11270301.asp mdsdx.com/files/Canada/InsideDiagnostics/Inside_Diagnostics_September_ON.pdf nutrasource.ca/content.cfm jmir.org/2001/2/e19/ cochrane.org/index0.htm cfic.ca/viewarticle.asp?id=3article=37lang=english inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/labeti/guide/ch6ae.shtml

Development and Analysis of Two Mini Case Studies Study

Development and Analysis of Two Mini Studies - Case Study Example with aim of being most innovative company with technologically advanced products that entered the market of mobile industry so that it can differentiate itself from PC industry (Fuller, 2010). It was successful in making its name in mobile device company in 2010. By the end of 2009, Apple grew to become fourth largest vendor of PC in the market of United States with market share of about 8%. According to Mishra (2011), Apple had market capitalization of about $220 billion in spring of 2010. Apple has mostly implemented multi-million dollar marketing campaigns like the most successful ads by slogan â€Å"Think Different† and it promoted itself as a well-known alternative for computer and mobile device industries. The company highlighted itself as the world’s â€Å"greenest lineup of notebooks†. According to Kim and Mauborgne (2009), the primary goal of Apple is to differentiate its products and intense competition in the PC and mobile device industry. However, App le faced some challenges when management and employees were having different opinions about running the company and they even missed some opportunities which impacted its competitive advantage and gave clear path to companies such as Dell, Gateway and Microsoft. Other failures that were faced by the company in its initial operational years comprised of design crime which meant it focuses on synonymous designs i.e. sleek and sexy and when it deviates from it some problems are encountered such as in 1998 the hockey puck which was colorful and translucent and 1997 20th anniversary Mac which was a bronze-colored monstrosity failed in the market; iWay or Highway approach by Jobs till 1997 made Apple lose its market share to Android as people wanted to freely use their iPhones and iPads and its attempt to target professional market by launching the Pippin, the Macintosh Portable, the invasion of the Mac clones and the Newton MessagePad; all were failure products (Pitta & Pitta, 2012; Tyna n, 2011). Apple Inc. now operates in various lines of computer and music industries; it designs as well as manufactures all of its computers and software. It was ventured into the music world by marketing its products such as iPod, iTunes and digital music player (Al-Rubaie, 2010). The main target market of Apple comprises of home users, small and medium sized businesses along with education segment that comprises of younger generation and creative individuals. Apple retail store has successfully captured its target market’s attention and helped it in offering direct access to its products and software. According to McGee, Thomas, and Wilson (2005), strategy used by Apple is differentiation strategy as it believes in providing innovative products to its target market that are developed with cutting edge technology. Recently, Apple won its case against Samsung in which it charged Samsung for copying the design of iPhones. According to Gahran (2012), the jury of much-hyped Appl e versus Samsung patent infringement lawsuit handed down the verdict in which Apple was given everything that it wanted which was a billion dollar payment from Samsung and possibility of injunction against sales of infringement of Samsung smartphones and tablets. The main critical success factors of Apple are that it has well integrated computer systems; AirPort Express is a package offered by the company that comprises of print spooler, audio, bridging and Ethernet; subcontracting of its

Ch10 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ch10 - Case Study Example These facets will help managers and other employees to make better decisions keeping in mind the current scenario and the organizational culture of the organization. The norms accepted by the employees, their emotions regarding various aspects, so on and so forth will help in building high emotional intelligence in employees (Cote and Miners, 27). Yes the program being implemented in J&J would be successful in improving the emotional intelligence of employees. It is appropriate to consider abilities in job performance evaluations. Observational learning is a very important tool that help individual learn many characteristics and traits that should be possessed by them for success. By attending training programs, those employees that aspire for success would work upon bringing a change in themselves and work upon having high emotional intelligence. All those abilities should be evaluated for evaluation of job performances that are required for the job role as the multi skills present in employees allows many tasks to be conducted successfully for the firm. Manufacturing and quality control recalls can be avoided if managers control the resistance in employees due to any mishap occurring in the firm. All negative emotions from the employees need to be removed. The managers need to ensure that the goals of the employees are in alignment with the goals of the organization and accordingly deal with all the manufacturing and quality related concerns of the firm. Stronger relationships are built, stress at workplace is reduced which leads to better productivity. The other abilities in avoiding recalls in organizations are through employees having an optimistic view of work and life. Having abilities to work hard and work under pressure by following the guidelines exactly allows recalls to be avoided in manufacturing and quality control